Cellular Organization part 1

Which of the following is NOT a component of the endomembrane system?
A) Endoplasmic reticulum
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Lysosome
D) Mitochondrion

Which of the following organelles contains its own DNA and ribosomes?
A) Lysosome
B) Peroxisome
C) Mitochondrion
D) Endosome

Clathrin-coated vesicles are primarily involved in:
A) Phagocytosis
B) Receptor-mediated endocytosis
C) Autophagy
D) Protein degradation

The nucleolus is mainly involved in:
A) DNA replication
B) RNA splicing
C) Ribosomal RNA synthesis and ribosome assembly
D) mRNA export

In eukaryotic cells, which of the following motor proteins moves towards the plus end of microtubules?
A) Dynein
B) Kinesin
C) Myosin I
D) Myosin II

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is distinguished from smooth ER by the presence of:
A) Lysosomes
B) Ribosomes
C) Mitochondria
D) Golgi bodies

Which cytoskeletal element is most stable and provides mechanical strength to the cell?
A) Microfilaments
B) Microtubules
C) Intermediate filaments
D) Actin filaments

Nuclear pore complexes primarily regulate:
A) Lipid biosynthesis
B) Bidirectional transport of proteins and RNA
C) ATP synthesis
D) DNA replication

Which of the following organelles is involved in β-oxidation of fatty acids in plants?
A) Mitochondria
B) Glyoxysomes
C) Chloroplasts
D) Endoplasmic reticulum

The "fluidity" of the plasma membrane is primarily due to:
A) Cholesterol content only
B) Nature of phospholipid fatty acid chains
C) Presence of glycolipids
D) Peripheral membrane proteins

Which of the following organelles is semiautonomous and contains its own ribosomes and DNA?
A) Lysosome
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Mitochondria
D) Endosome

In a typical eukaryotic cell, the majority of ATP is produced in:
A) Cytosol
B) Endoplasmic reticulum
C) Mitochondria
D) Peroxisomes

Which of the following protein families is responsible for vesicle fusion specificity?
A) SNAREs
B) Rabs
C) Clathrins
D) Adaptins

Signal recognition particle (SRP) is involved in:
A) Translocation of proteins into mitochondria
B) Cotranslational targeting of proteins to ER
C) Protein degradation in proteasome
D) Vesicular fusion

Which of the following cytoskeletal components is involved in the positioning of organelles like Golgi and ER?
A) Actin filaments
B) Microtubules
C) Intermediate filaments
D) Septins

The nucleolus is primarily involved in:
A) mRNA synthesis
B) rRNA synthesis and ribosome assembly
C) DNA replication
D) Lipid biosynthesis

In eukaryotic cells, mitochondrial DNA is replicated by:
A) DNA polymerase α
B) DNA polymerase γ
C) DNA polymerase δ
D) DNA polymerase ε

Which of the following proteins is responsible for the bending of clathrin-coated vesicles?
A) Dynamin
B) Adaptin
C) COPII
D) ARF

During the synthesis of N-linked glycoproteins, the core oligosaccharide is initially assembled on:
A) Dolichol phosphate
B) Phosphatidylinositol
C) Ceramide
D) Ubiquitin

Which one of the following organelles is involved in β-oxidation of fatty acids in plants?
A) Mitochondria
B) Glyoxysomes
C) Peroxisomes
D) Chloroplast

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis requires the recruitment of which adaptor protein?
A. AP-2 complex
B. COP-I
C. COP-II
D. Dynamin

In mitochondria, the F0F1-ATP synthase is located in:
A. Outer membrane
B. Intermembrane space
C. Inner membrane
D. Matrix

The nuclear lamina is composed mainly of:
A. Actin filaments
B. Intermediate filaments
C. Microtubules
D. Keratin filaments

Which organelle is primarily involved in the N-linked glycosylation of proteins?
A. Lysosome
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Peroxisome

Which motor protein is responsible for movement of vesicles toward the plasma membrane along microtubules?
A. Dynein
B. Myosin-II
C. Kinesin
D. Myosin-V

Microtubules polymerize from which end during spindle formation in mitosis?
A. Plus end only
B. Minus end only
C. Plus and minus ends equally
D. Plus end from centrosome

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of peroxisomes?
A. Presence of DNA and ribosomes
B. Detoxification of hydrogen peroxide by catalase
C. Protein glycosylation
D. ATP generation via oxidative phosphorylation

During cell cycle regulation, the protein cyclin D primarily functions in:
A. G1 to S phase transition
B. S phase progression
C. G2 to M phase transition
D. Cytokinesis

The primary function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in hepatocytes is:
A. Protein synthesis
B. Lipid and steroid synthesis
C. ATP production
D. Ribosome assembly

Which of the following statements about the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is TRUE?
A. NPC allows only RNA to pass through but not proteins
B. Transport through NPC requires energy for both import and export
C. NPC has only one type of nucleoporin protein
D. Small molecules cannot diffuse through NPC

For an unsaturated fatty acid
(1) melting point is increased by the length of the hydrocarbon tail and increased by the degree of unsaturation.
(2) melting point is decreased by the length of the hydrocarbon tail and is increased by the degree of unsaturation.
(3) melting point is increased by the length of the tail and is decreased by the degree of unsaturation.
(4) melting point is decreased by the length of the hydrocarbon tail and is decreased by the degree of unsaturation.

The important property needed in a protein to be an intrinsic in a membrane is
(1) Hydrophilic           (2) Hydrophobic
(3) Highly assembled (4) Linear

Cholesterol occurs in membranes of
(1) only prokaryotes
(2) All eukaryotes
(3) All higher animals
(4) Only plants

Change in fluidity of cell membrane is due to-

(1) Change in saturation level of fatty acids

(2) Change in protein confirmation

(3) Cholesterol accumulation

(4) Type of glycoprotein

Plants growing in cold environments generally have high

(1) cholesterol
(2) saturated fatty acid
(3) unsaturated fatty acid
(4) long chain fatty acids

Glyco-conjugates on proteins on organelle intra cellular membranes are oriented toward
(1) Cytoplasmic face
(2*) Lumen side
(3) Embedded in membrane core
(4) On both sides

The fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane given by Singer and Nicolson is applicable to
(1) only prokaryotic membrane
(2) only eukaryotic membrane
(3) Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic membranes
(4) only to organelle membranes

 The main force responsible for membrane resealing of ruptured bio-membrane in aqueous environment is
(1) Hydrophobic forces between membrane lipids
(2) Covalent forces between membrane lipids
(3) Force between protein and lipids
(4) Ionic interactions between membrane lipids